Blood-albumin glue



' l dustries.

Patented June 19, 192a.

A 59541 Hon,

nnrm c. menus, or memson, WI

SCONSIN, DEDICATED,

MENTS, TO THEPEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES.

BLOOD-ALBUMIN GLUE.

I No Drawing.

(FEED UNDER THE ACT OF MARCH 3, --1883,

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ALFRED C. LINDAUER, a citizen of the United States, residing in adison, in the county of Dane and State of 5 Wisconsin, have invented a new and Improved Blood-Albumin Glue, of which the following is a specification. i

Blood albumin glue is commonly more Water-resistant than casein, but When it is i used in the industries it almost always has to be pressed in hot-plate presses. Hot pressing is a slow and expensive process, and this fact has had the efiect of limiting the use of blood albumin glues to a few highly specialized in- The blood albumin glue I have invented eliminates the need of applying heat in order to coagulate the albumin. In other words, the glue I have invented can be pressed cold, asare vegetable and casein 2o glues. Of course, it can be used in hot presses too if that should ever be desired.

I am aware that mixtures of blood albumin,

water, lime, ammonia, etc., in difierent prothe industries for anything with reportions have been used in years, and I do not claim rd to them when used as heretofore.-

What I do claim as novel and original is the use of paraformaldehyde (trioxymethylene) in mixtures with blood albumin and water.

In carrying out my invention 1 use dry blood albumin, ammonium hydroxide, paraformaldehyde (trioxymethylene) and water. One part by weight of dry blood albumin is soaked in about 2 parts by wei ht of water for at least one hour, preferab y in a, cold place. Blood as it'eomes from the slaughter house could beused instead of dry blood albumin, but'the latter is recommended be cause wet blood decomposes promptly and because the dry albumin can be handled more conveniently. After the blood albumin has stood in contact with water for the required length of time, the mixture is stirred either by hand or by means of a mechanical mixer .until the blood albumin has gone into solution. When this has. been accomplished about 5% per cent by weight 01" ammonium hydroxide (based on the weight of the dry albumin) is added. The mixture is stirred again fora few moments.

N ow ammonium hydroxide could be used in amounts larger than 5.5 per cent, or it could be left out entlrely. I have found Application filed August 26, 1922. Serial Ito. 584,589.

22 STAT. L, 625.) however, that if the use of ammonium hydroxide is omitted, the glue is apt to be too fluid to be used conveniently. On the other hand, if a lar e amount of ammonium h droxide is used, there is danger that it Wlll combine chemically with the paraformaldehyde forming hexamethylenetetramine or some analogous compound which would not be so efiectwe in coagulating the blood albumin.

Fifteen per cent by weight of paraformaldehyde (trioxymethylene), based on the weight of the slowly added to the mixture bumin, water and ammonium hydroxide.

The paraformaldehyde should be sifted into the mixture, and stirred constantly at a fairly hi h speed. The powder should not be adde so rapidly as to form lumpsv nor so slowly that the mixture will thicken and coagulate before the required amount of the chemical has been added; but no slowly the paraformaldehyde is added it will cause a thickening of the blood albumin mixture. This thickening, however, does not dryblood albumin, is then,

of blood almatter how BY mnsm-z assionmake the mixture permanently unfit for use,

for I have discovered that a blood albumin glue which has thickened in this way will be come fluid again in a short time at ordinary temperatures. Ordinarily, this blood albumin glue containing paraformaldehyde will return to a good working consistency in about half an hour. In case the mixture thickens before all the paraformaldehyde has been added, no harm is done, because if the reaction mixture is allowed to stand it' will liquefy again, and then the rest of the paraformaldehyde can be added. It is desirable, however, to add the coagulant before the mixture has become too thick to stir, and this can be accomplished by adding the paraformaldehyde at the proper rate.

Although 1 specify 15 'per cent of para formaldehyde or trioxymethylene, I do not wish to limit myself to that particular amount, because have found that paraformaldehyde or trioxymethylene in amounts quite difierent from that will give very good results. As the amount of paraformaldehyde is increased from 0 to 15 per cent, a gradual increase in the dry strength and water-resistance of the blood albumin glue is produced, but as the amount is increased not to warrant the use The reason why bumin, but w blood albumin should liquefy on standing" a hard, strong, '1

from per cent upward, the improvement in the propertiesof the glue is so slight as of the additional matrial. V

paratormaldehyde acts Of course standing and;

as it does is not known to me. it liberates formaldehyde on this formaldehyde coagulates and then set again, forming elastic mass which is practically insoluble in water, I do not know.

. The glue described above can be applied to veneers or wooden blocks by means of a brush or a mechanical spreader such as is used in the ordinary wood-working factory,

' The glued panels are kept under pressure in wood pulp the usual way stacked and dried in the same way as animal, ve etable or casein gluepanels.

lthough this glue is especially advan tageous for use; in gluing boards or sheets'of veneer, I do not WlSh to limit myself to its use for that urpose only, for I, have found that it can e used; successfully as an adhesive or binding medium for cementing into a compact mass ground and comminuted substances such as sawdust, wood chips,

and other finely divided cellu- Losic material A mixture of blood albumin,

the blood a]? y this-"coagulated mass ofgumbrell a' '-liandles,

i wheels, mouldings, rails, its, electrical insulators, for'jyeneer doorsfan'd plywood panels. I Fflhe claims that' l mak are'fas follows:-

for about 18 hours, more or 'less, at the end of which time they are matter suclras.v sawdust, filings, powders, earths, minerals, or. other fillers in the fabri-' and moulded articles such cation of :pressed as buttonslcombg-toilet seats and covers,

door hand e's, drawer pulls, brush backs, automobile steering com osition floorfor my invention 1;,1A glue, consisting essentially. of dry blood albumin, water inmonium hydroxide and Xaraformaldehy glue consistin' bf 100 parts by weight of dry blood albumin, 200 parts by weight of water, 5.5parts-by monium' hydroxide, and 15 of paraformaldehyde (t'noxymethylene).

3. An adhesive ada' ted for use in gluing wood consisting of weight of amene) In testimonywhereoi I afix my signature in the presence of two subscribin witnesses.

han les, and cores (trioxymethylene) parts hyweight I I blood albumin glues 'con- 'taining paraformaldehyde (trioxymethyl- 

